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Control of Insect and Related Pests of Livestock and Poultry in British ColumbiaBlack FliesHosts: Livestock, Poultry and People Description of Injurious Stages and Damage
Adult flies are small, greyish-black, hump-backed insects, which occur most
commonly in May and June in agricultural areas close to rivers and fast-flowing
streams. Bites of adult females are followed by bleeding from the punctures,
and later by severe itching, swelling and irritation lasting for several days.
Intense black fly attack can result in reduced milk production and growth rates
of cattle, and reduced conception rates of cows and heifers. Calves and other
cattle not previously exposed to black flies can die within 24 hours during an
outbreak.
Summary of Life HistorySome species of black flies lay their eggs on aquatic vegetation, or sticks and stones, in moving water; eggs of other species rest on the silt at the bottom of streams or rivers. Larvae remain attached to objects in the water, feeding on microscopic plant or animal life in the water. Adults often emerge in countless numbers within a very few hours of one another. Some species have one generation per year, other species have two or more.Control RecommendationsFor beef and non-lactating dairy cattle, apply permethrin (0.0125% spray, 0.5% backrubber solution) at weekly intervals as required.
Black Flies |
Bot Flies |
Cattle Grubs |
Face Fly |
Hog Mange Mite |
Horn Fly
Return to Livestock Pests Factsheet
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