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Leafminer Parasite
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Pnigalio flavipes larva feeding on tentiform leafminer larva |
Pupa of P. flavipes (note black leafminer excreta) |
Life Cycle: Overwinter as pupae in leaf mines created by host. Several generations per year. All stages except adult wasps found within leaf mines.
Monitoring: Examine the tent-shaped mines of the tentiform leafminer mines for parasite larvae or pupae.
Hosts: Tentiform leafminer larvae.
Comments: Pnigalio flavipes larva is white to cream coloured and spindle-shaped. It feeds from the outside of the host's body and is easily seen with a hand lens. This parasite can kill over 95% of leafminer larvae in late summer. P. flavipes pupae are black whereas those of the leafminer are brownish, larger, and wriggle when disturbed.
Body length: Adult - 1.5-2.5mm; Mature larva - 1.5mm
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